External Forcings

Besides the surface and bottom stresses (see the above section) which are introduced as boundary conditions on the vertical mixing, three other forcings may enter the dynamical equations by affecting the surface pressure gradient.

(1) When ln_apr_dyn = true (see §7.7), the atmospheric pressure is taken into account when computing the surface pressure gradient.

(2) When ln_tide_pot = true and key_ tide is defined (see §7.8), the tidal potential is taken into account when computing the surface pressure gradient.

(3) When nn_ice_embd = 2 and LIM or CICE is used ($i.e.$ when the sea-ice is embedded in the ocean), the snow-ice mass is taken into account when computing the surface pressure gradient.